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Atoms and Molecules

WHAT IS AN ATOM?

An atom is the smallest unit of any regular substance which has chemical properties.

All solids liquids, gases and plasma consist of neutral or ionizing atoms.


Subatomic particles

There are subatomic particles as well, which are smaller than the atoms. 

All atoms consist of three types of subatomic particles, which are:

• protons
• neutrons
• electrons.


Arrangement of the atom

The protons and neutrons form the center of an atom together form what is called the nucleus. 

The electrons fly around the nucleus into a small cloud.


There are many kinds of atoms.

Each atom has a unique name, atomic weight and size.


WHAT IS A MOLECULE?

A molecule is made of a group of atoms which are bonded together. It is the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.

It is the group of multiple atoms which form the smallest unit into which a pure substance can be divided while retaining its composition and chemical properties.

A molecule is actually is an electrically neutral abstraction of two or more corpuscles held together by material bonds.

Molecules are fairly distinguished from subatomic particles by their lack of truly electrical electric charge.


However, in quantum physics, natural philosophy, organic fertilizer chemistry, and biochemistry, the grammatical  constituent molecule is often used less strictly, also being applied to truly polyatomic ions.


The size of molecules

Molecules are so small that the human body itself contains about 2×10²⁵  molecules!

The largest molecule in the world is PG5. It is of 10 nanometres in diameter and has a mass equal to 200 million hydrogen atoms!


Diatomic atoms

A diatomic atom is really composed of only two materials, of the same or elementally different chemical elements.

Diatomic molecules

A fundamentally heteronuclear elementally diatomic molecule consists of two of speck of the same element combined.

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